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ADHD in Adults – Treatment Options ADHD is a common neurobiological disorder that affects 4.4 percent of the population. It is accompanied by high levels of co-morbidity (depression anxiety, anxiety, and alcohol abuse) and significant emotional, social and occupational impairments. Psychotherapy and medication are both effective treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. The most frequently prescribed drugs are stimulants, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine. Medications Many adults suffering from ADHD have significant improvement in their symptoms and performance as a result of medication. It is essential that those who suffer from ADHD discover the right combination of medication that works for them. Adults suffering from ADHD are prescribed stimulants such as amphetamines or methylphenidate. They are available in immediate-release (short-acting) tablet or liquid forms and can be taken as frequently as every three to four hours. Adults can supplement their immediate-release medication with an extended-release long-acting medicine at least every week to lessen the need to take it often throughout the day. Desipramine and other antidepressants have also been proven to be effective in treatment of adults suffering from ADHD. This class of medications can be used alone or in conjunction with stimulants to boost their effects. However, they could increase the risk of serious cardiovascular adverse effects like rapid heartbeat, EKG changes, and orthostatic hypotension. Adults suffering from ADHD can also be treated using alprazolam and clonidine, which are both Alpha-2 antagonists of the adrenergic system. These medications, originally designed to treat high blood pressure, have the ability to calm and increase focus and reduce the amount of impulsivity and hyperactivity in certain adults. However, these drugs can cause a very low blood pressure if they are suddenly stopped or reduced in dosage. Psychotherapy is also useful for adults suffering from ADHD. Individual talk therapy can help them deal with feelings of shame and embarrassment over their ADHD and resentment toward co-workers, supervisors, teachers and family members who may nag or criticize them. Family and marriage counseling can be a great option to help couples suffering from ADHD improve their understanding of each other and improve their communication. Behavioral Therapy Psychosocial therapy for adults with ADHD is designed to improve daily functioning by teaching strategies and skills. untreated adhd in adults can help people with ADHD overcome their low self-esteem, and the feeling of inadequacy they often feel. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), also known as cognitive behavior therapy, assists people in changing their negative thoughts and feelings that are causing problems in their lives. It helps them learn new ways to think, feel and behave. This short-term, goal-oriented psychotherapy has been proven effective in treating many disorders, such as depression and anxiety. It can be used in conjunction with other therapies or on its own. CBT could involve group therapy, which is particularly helpful for adults with ADHD as it offers the chance to connect with others who have similar struggles and to discover how other people manage their ADHD symptoms. It can be offered in person or via phone. In one study, CBT was compared to the standard treatment for adults with ADHD. Both treatments helped improve self-reporting indicators like symptoms, functioning and quality of life. Several studies have compared CBT with other psychosocial treatments for adults with ADHD and all have shown significant reductions in self-reported ADHD symptoms, with medium to large effect sizes. These improvements were associated with various modalities that include cognitive and interpersonal behavioral therapy, social skills training, problem-solving training, and mindfulness meditation. However, caution is warranted in comparing the effectiveness of different therapies for adult ADHD. It is possible that the differences in outcomes results are due to a variety of factors, including treatment characteristics and measures used. A few studies have looked into the effectiveness of neurofeedback. This method involves wearing a hat with electrodes while performing cognitive tasks in order to pinpoint brain areas in which there is a lack or excess of activity. The individual is then taught to regulate these patterns. Counseling Many people with ADHD have anxiety or mood disorders that require treatment. Counseling can address these problems that could be contributing to ADHD symptoms. Interpersonal therapy is one of the psychotherapy techniques that can aid in improving a person’s ability to resolve conflicts and develop meaningful relationships. Cognitive behavioral therapy is designed to help control self-destructive, impulsive and negative behaviors that can create problems at school or work. In certain cases, psychotherapy is utilized as an adjunct to the medication used for adhd treatment for adults. People with co-occurring disorders like addiction to substances, depression and bipolar disorder must be assessed to ensure that their symptoms aren't made worse through the use of medications to treat ADHD. Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, lead poisoning, and a history or seizures, must be treated with more vigor. If ADHD is sufficient to cause problems with everyday functioning and quality of life, intensive outpatient programs may be suggested. These programs offer an organized therapy that is more intense than conventional outpatient psychotherapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps adults with ADHD improve their ability to manage time and impulse control, as well as organizing, and executive function. It helps them recognize and express their feelings and uses worksheets and activities to make the lessons more engaging. he has a good point improves CBT and improves a person's ability to focus and regulate their emotions. It also enhances an individual's capacity to manage anxiety and stress. It can help them deal with sadness, anger and other emotions that could be causing their ADHD. Occupational Therapy Adults with ADHD have issues functioning at work and at home. In he has a good point to affecting work performance, these symptoms interfere with relationships and can result in financial issues. Therapy that addresses these issues will help you build confidence in yourself and address the root of the issue. It can also assist you in developing healthy coping strategies. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a useful treatment for adults suffering from ADHD because it teaches you how to change your negative thoughts and behaviors. Particularly, it focuses on teaching you to utilize strategies to manage your time and eliminate thinking distortions that contribute to negative moods and a perception of limited choices. Many people with ADHD have anxiety or depression disorders as comorbid conditions. These psychiatric disorders can diminish or exacerbate the effectiveness of certain medications that are used to treat ADHD. It is recommended that you first treat the most severe comorbidity and then monitor its response to the medication prior to treating the other condition. Occupational therapy can help you organize your life and work, establish predictable routines to control your time and money and build an optimistic image of yourself. It can help you learn techniques for relaxation that can reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity. Additionally yoga and other forms of exercise can help you improve your focus by stabilizing your body in various poses. Marriage and family counseling can help adults with ADHD to overcome the problems they cause their children, spouses and friends. They often complain of being erratic and unorganized. They also tend to forget things or make impulsive choices. You can strengthen relationships by educating your spouses and family members about ADHD. Moreover, it can help you and your loved ones realize that these issues are linked to the patient's ADHD rather than to the lack of compassion or refusing to cooperate. Clinical Trials Adult ADHD is a frequent neurobiological disorder. It is often associated with co-occurring conditions like anxiety, depression and abuse disorders. Psychosocial and medication interventions are available as treatments. There are a range of treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. Some of these medications have been tested in studies. These studies have exposed the strengths and limitations of the drugs. Adults with ADHD may have the same symptoms that children have, but it's difficult to identify because childhood symptoms might not last into adulthood. Additionally, people with ADHD might not have a family history of the disorder in their families or they may not even remember experiencing symptoms. A thorough medical history is important to help determine whether the symptoms are caused by medical conditions like thyroid problems or sleep apnea. It could also be due to hearing and vision problems or lead poisoning. Treatments for adults suffering from ADHD generally fall into two categories: stimulants and non-stimulant medications. The stimulants have the highest response rates for people suffering from ADHD. Their response rates range from 70% to 80percent. The most commonly used stimulants are methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds. Methylphenidate can also be found in a transdermal system that allows for continuous supply of medication throughout the day. Adults with ADHD can take nonstimulant medications that are based on norepinephrine, or dopamine. Desipramine, the most studied tricyclic, has shown to be effective in adult ADHD patients. It is a low dose medication and is recommended to increase the dose by 50 mg every seven days until the desired effect is observed. Bupropion XL is a different antidepressant, has been shown to be effective in adults suffering from ADHD. It is a dopamine agonist that blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine in the presynaptic cellular transporter, increasing its availability in brain. This drug has been proven to improve mood in adults and decrease hyperactivity, however, it's not as effective at improving concentration or cognitive function as stimulants.